Atmosphere

Word	Definition
Coriolis Effect	the curving of winds due to Earth's rotation
Greenhouse effect	the trapping of the Earth' heat (infrared radiation) by carbon dioxide and water vapor in the atmosphere.
Jet stream	fast, wandering stream of air high above the ground that moves from west to east.
Air Mass	a body of air with similar temperature and humidity.
Weather Front	the boundary between two air masses.

Air moves clockwise and outward around a high pressure center.
Highs are regions of divergence (clockwise around the center and away from the center).
Air moves counterclockwise and inward around a low pressure center.
Lows are regions of convergence (counterclockwise around the center and into the center).
Wind blows from high to low pressure.
Wind is named for the direction it is coming from.
Air cools and expands as it rises.
Conduction: energy transfer by touching.
Convection: energy transfer through fluids (gases, liquids) due to density differences.
Radiation: energy transfer through space (vacuum) ex. light.
Energy moves from source to sink, high to low.
Kinetic energy: energy of motion, increases with velocity.
Potential energy: stored or at rest, increases with height.
There is NO temperature change at a phase change.
Water bodies moderate temperature.
Orographic effect is a change in atmospheric conditions caused by a change in elevation, primarily due to mountains.
Cold Front - high pressure-clockwise.
Warm Front -low pressure-counterclockwise.
Occluded Front - cold front overtakes a warm front.
Cold fronts move the fastest.
CONDENSATION: WATER VAPOR CHANGING INTO LIQUID WATER (REMOVE HEAT).
BOILING: LIQUID WATER CHANGING TO WATER VAPOR (ADD HEAT).
THERE IS NO TEMPERATURE CHANGE DURING A PHASE CHANGE.

Example 1